What are strata in geology?

Strata in geology refer specifically to layers of sedimentary rock that are typically formed from sediments accumulated over time. These layers can vary in thickness, composition, and color, often providing important information about the geological history of an area. The formation of strata involves processes such as sedimentation, compaction, and cementation. As these layers build up, they can trap biological, chemical, and physical evidence of Earth's past environments, which is why they are crucial for understanding geological timelines and the evolution of landscapes.

While individual sedimentary particles make up the sediments that contribute to strata, they do not represent the concept of strata themselves, which is about layered structures. Types of metamorphic rocks and fossilized remains of organisms pertain to different aspects of geology and do not encompass the idea of stratification found in sedimentary layers. Thus, the definition and significance of strata are best captured by the concept of layers of sedimentary rock.