Which characteristic is typical of rocks affected by shock metamorphism?

Shock metamorphism occurs when rocks are subjected to intense pressure and temperature over a very short duration, typically due to high-velocity impacts such as meteorite strikes. The characteristic that is typical of rocks affected by this type of metamorphism is a shattered texture.

This shattered texture results from the rapid compression and decompression processes that occur during the impact event, causing the mineral grains within the rock to break and fragment. Unlike other types of metamorphism, which may produce features like foliation or layering, shock metamorphism primarily leads to a chaotic arrangement of minerals, giving the rock a distinctive, shattered appearance. This texture can include features like brecciation, where larger fragments of rock are mixed with finer materials, further demonstrating the violent nature of the metamorphic process involved. Understanding such characteristics helps in identifying the history and conditions of a rock sample.